Shadow Over China-MyanmarBangladesh Economic Corridor

July 15, 2026

Security concerns remain perhaps the biggest obstacle for the implementation of the proposed China-MyanmarBangladesh Economic Corridor (CMBC), despite renewed momentum for the project following Bangladesh Prime Minister Tarique Rahman’s visit to China in June. The corridor was among the key issues discussed during the visit. It envisages a road and rail network linking Kunming in China’s Yunnan province with Bangladesh’s ports via Myanmar. Highlighting the security implications, a report in Bangladesh’s newspaper ‘Daily Sun’ said, “The proposed route would pass through Myanmar’s conflict-ridden Rakhine State, where fighting has continued since the military takeover in 2021. The Arakan Army now controls or influences much of the territory through which the corridor would run, creating serious uncertainty for long-term infrastructure projects.” The ongoing Rohingya crisis adds another layer of complexity. Bangladesh continues to host around 1.2 million Rohingyas, and analysts argue that any regional connectivity initiative should not undermine efforts to ensure their safe, voluntary and dignified repatriation. Citing experts, the report warned that infrastructure passing through conflict zones could inadvertently strengthen armed groups by creating new sources of revenue or influence, underscoring the need for comprehensive security assessments before any commitments are made. The initiative revives the Bangladesh-ChinaIndia-Myanmar (BCIM) Economic Corridor, originally proposed in 1999. However, India later exited the project due to concerns over China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and Beijing’s increasing regional influence, effectively leaving the corridor without New Delhi’s participation. Beyond security, the corridor has significant geopolitical implications. India remains concerned about projects that could increase China’s presence near its sensitive northeastern region and the Siliguri Corridor, while the United States has encouraged Bangladesh to preserve its strategic balance amid deepening economic ties between Dhaka and Washington.