Prof. Raghavendra P. Tiwari Vice Chancellor, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda Sikhism, emerging in early modern South Asia, under conditions of imperial dominance, unlike many other religions, neither retreated into ascetic withdrawal nor pursued imperial conquest. Instead, under Sri Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708), Sikhism underwent civilizational completion, the deliberate construction of institutions, authority structures, and.
