Why French Farmers Are Protesting the EU–Mercosur Trade Deal

January 11, 2026

New Delhi: French farmers on Thursday drove tractors into the heart of Paris to protest against the European Union’s proposed EU–Mercosur Free Trade Agreement (FTA). Defying police blockades, several tractors reached iconic locations such as the Eiffel Tower and Arc de Triomphe, turning the protest into a powerful visual statement.

The French Interior Ministry said around 20 tractors entered central Paris after protesters forced their way through police barricades, while most were stopped at the city’s outer limits. The protest caused major traffic disruption, including the closure of the A13 motorway towards Paris early in the morning.

Who Led the Protest

The protest was organised by the Rural Coordination union, which represents farmers across France. The union strongly opposes the EU–Mercosur trade deal, saying it puts French farmers under serious economic threat.

What Is the EU–Mercosur Trade Deal

The EU–Mercosur FTA is a trade agreement between the European Union and five South American countries:

Brazil
Argentina
Uruguay
Paraguay
Bolivia

The deal aims to reduce trade barriers and allow easier movement of goods, especially agricultural products.

Why French Farmers Are Angry

Farmers fear the agreement will:

Flood European markets with cheaper imports like beef, chicken, sugar, ethanol and honey
Create unfair competition, as South American farming rules are often less strict
Hurt French farmers’ incomes and long-term survival

Health Rules Add to Tensions

Farmer anger has also been fuelled by government health measures to control lumpy skin disease in cattle.
On Wednesday night, about 40 farm vehicles blocked access to the DPA oil depot in Bassens, in southwest France, according to the Gironde prefecture.

What’s Happening at the EU Level

The protests come as the EU has restarted talks on finalising the Mercosur agreement. Reports suggest the deal could be signed next week in Paraguay, raising alarm among farmers in France.

EU agriculture ministers are currently holding key discussions, with a vote on the agreement expected later this week.

Different Views Inside the EU

Not all EU countries agree with France.

Italy’s Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani said the deal would bring “enormous benefits” to Europe.
Italy has consistently supported the agreement but has also asked for safeguards to protect vulnerable farming sectors.
Tajani welcomed new EU steps aimed at supporting farmers during trade liberalisation.

Part of a Bigger Farmers’ Movement

The Paris tractor protest is part of a wider wave of farmers’ protests across France and Europe, driven by concerns over:

Trade agreements
Rising costs
Strict environmental rules
Falling incomes

Key Takeaway

The tractor protests in Paris show deep divisions over the EU–Mercosur trade deal. While EU supporters see economic opportunity, French farmers see a serious threat to their livelihoods. The issue remains politically sensitive as the EU moves closer to a final decision.